Impact of Coronary Artery Disease on The Outcomes of Catheter Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

ABSTRACT Introduction: The objective of this study is to investigate the possible impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on clinical outcomes of catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: Patients with AF who underwent coronary computed tomography and catheter ablation were enrolled. The presence of stenotic severity and plaque, characteristics of coronary arteries, clinical data, and adverse outcomes of catheter ablation were analysed. Results: A total of 243 patients were enrolled, 100 (41%) patients with CAD. The CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, and sex category) score of AF patients with CAD was significantly (P<0.001) higher than of those without CAD. Presence of stenotic artery and plaques increased significantly with increase of CHA2DS2-VASc score (P<0.05). There was no significant (P=0.342) difference in AF recurrence between patients with and without CAD (30% versus 24%). Age, AF type, duration of AF, heart failure, CHA2DS2-VASc score, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left atrial diameter were significantly (P<0.05) correlated with AF recurrence in univariant analysis. Multivariable analysis revealed that duration of AF (hazard ratio [HR] 1.769), heart failure (HR 1.821), and left atrial diameter (HR 1.487, P=0.022) remained significant independent predictors of AF recurrence. Patients with AF and concomitant CAD were significantly (P=0.030) associated with a worse outcome. Conclusion: CAD concomitant with AF may be associated with a worse clinical outcome even though CAD does not significantly affect the risk of AF recurrence after ablation therapy.

Significance of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clone in immunosuppressive therapy for children with severe aplastic anemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the association between paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clone and immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 151 children with SAA who were admitted and received IST from January 2012 to May 2020. According to the status of PNH clone, these children were divided into a negative PNH clone group (n=135) and a positive PNH clone group (n=16). Propensity score matching was used to balance the confounding factors, and the impact of PNH clone on the therapeutic effect of IST was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The children with positive PNH clone accounted for 10.6% (16/151), and the median granulocyte clone size was 1.8%. The children with positive PNH clone had an older age and a higher reticulocyte count at diagnosis (P<0.05). After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in baseline features between the negative PNH clone and positive PNH clone groups (P>0.05). The positive PNH clone group had a significantly lower overall response rate than the negative PNH clone group at 6, 12, and 24 months after IST (P<0.05). The evolution of PNH clone was heterogeneous after IST, and the children with PNH clone showed an increase in the 3-year cumulative incidence rate of aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#SAA children with positive PNH clone at diagnosis tend to have poor response to IST and are more likely to develop aplastic anemia-PNH syndrome.

Using PacBio sequencing to investigate the effects of treatment with lactic acid bacteria or antibiotics on cow endometritis

BACKGROUND: Endometritis is the most common disease of dairy cows and traditionally treated with antibiotics. Lactic acid bacteria can inhibit the growth of pathogens and also have potential for treatment of endometritis. Using PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing technology, we sequenced the fulllength l6S rRNA of the microbiota in uterine mucus samples from 31 cows with endometritis, treated with lactic acid bacteria (experimental [E] group) and antibiotics (control [C] group) separately. Microbiota profiles taken before and after treatment were compared. RESULTS: After both treatments, bacterial species richness was significantly higher than before, but there was no significant difference in bacterial diversity. Abundance of some bacteria increased after both lactic acid bacteria and antibiotic treatment: Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus raffinolactis, Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Pseudomonas veronii. The bacterial species that significantly decreased in abundance varied depending on whether the cows had been treated with lactic acid bacteria or antibiotics. Abundance of Staphylococcus equorum and Treponema brennaborense increased after lactic acid bacteria treatment but decreased after antibiotic treatment. According to COG-based functional metagenomic predictions, 384 functional proteins were significantly differently expressed after treatment. E and C group protein expression pathways were significantly higher than before treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that lactic acid bacteria could cure endometritis and restore a normal physiological state, while avoiding the disadvantages of antibiotic treatment, such as the reductions in abundance of beneficial microbiota. This suggests that lactic acid bacteria treatment has potential as an alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of endometritis in cattle.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis Analysis of Pediatric Severe Aplastic Anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics and factors affecting prognosis in children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA).@*METHODS@#Two hundred and five children with SAA treated in our department from January 2008 to April 2018 were selected, and the clinical characteristics and factors affecting prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 205 SAA children, the effective rate (CR+PR) at 3, 6 and 12 months after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) treatment was 50.9%, 59.0% and 73.9%, respectively, and 5-year overall survival rate was 93.1%±2.0%. Univariate analysis showed that 5-year overall survival rate of SAA children of spontaneous delivery was higher than that of cesarean section (P=0.039), while multivariate analysis showed that birth way had no significant influence on 5-year overall survival rate (P>0.05). The response rate at 3 months after IST of children with a recent history of decoration before SAA onset was higher than those without history of decoration (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Most of the SAA children can achieve high response rate and overall survival rate. Patients with recent history of home/school decoration may be the factor affecting hematological response after 3 months of IST, but have no influence on long-term overall survival.

Efficacy and prognostic factors in children with non-core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy of the CAMS-2005 and CAMS-2009 regimens in treating children with non-core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (non-CBF AML) and to study the prognosis factors.@*METHODS@#A total of 161 children who were initially diagnosed with non-CBF AML from April 2005 to December 2015 were enrolled as study subjects, and were divided into a CAMS-2005 regimen group (n=52) and a CAMS-2009 regimen group (n=109) according to the chemotherapy regimen provided. The efficacy was retrospectively compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The complete remission (CR) rate at the first course of treatment was higher in the CAMS-2009 regimen group than that in the CMAS-2005 regimen group (63.3% vs 46.2%; P0.05). Children who achieved CR at the first course of treatment had significantly higher OS and event-free survival rates than those who did not achieved CR (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The CAMS-2009 regimen is superior to the CAMS-2005 regimen in improving the CR rate in children with non-CBF AML after induction treatment. Whether CR is achieved at the first course of treatment can affect the OS rate of children with non-CBF AML.

Clinical effect of CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in treatment of children and adolescents aged >10 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the long-term clinical effect of CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in the treatment of children and adolescents, aged >10 years, with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 150 ALL children and adolescents aged >10 years who were treated with CCLG-ALL2008 regimen from April 2008 to April 2015. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze overall survival (OS) rate and event-free survival (EFS) rate.@*RESULTS@#Among the 150 children and adolescents, there were 87 (58.0%) boys and 63 (42.0%) girls, with a median age of 11 years (range 10-15 years). Of the 150 children and adolescents, 84 (56.0%) had intermediate risk and 66 (44.0%) had high risk; 122 (81.3%) had B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and 28 (18.7%) had T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The fusion gene test yielded positive results in 51 children and adolescents (34.0%), among whom 16 (31%) had positive BCR-ABL, 11 (22%) had positive TEL-AML1, 8 (16%) had positive E2A-PBX1, and 16 (31%) were positive for other fusion genes. The complete remission rate was 96.0% (144/150) after one course of treatment with CCLG-ALL2008 regimen. The median follow-up time was 52 months (range 3-122 months). The 5-year OS rate was 79.0%±3.5%, and the 5-year EFS rate was 67.3%±4.1%. There were no significant differences in 5-year OS and EFS rates between the children with intermediate or high risk, as well as between the children with B-ALL or T-ALL (P>0.05). The children and adolescents who achieved complete remission of bone marrow at the end of induction therapy had significantly higher 5-year OS and EFS rates than those who did not achieve complete remission (P10 years, CCLG-ALL2008 regimen can help to achieve high complete remission rate, 5-year OS rate and 5-year EFS rate. The children and adolescents failing to achieve complete remission at the end of induction therapy tend to have a poor prognosis.

Clinical features of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: an analysis of 13 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) in children.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 13 children with WAS.@*RESULTS@#All 13 children were boys, with a median age of onset of 3 months (range 1-48 months) and a median age of 24 months (range 1-60 months) at the time of diagnosis. Of the 13 children, only 3 had typical WAS and the remaining 10 children had X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT). The mean WAS score was 2 (range 1-3), the mean platelet count was 20.5×10/L [range (13-46)×10/L], and the mean platelet volume was 8.1 fl (range 6.7-12.1 fl). Lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulins were measured for 4 children, among whom 1 (25%) had a reduction in both the percentage of CD3T cells per lymphocyte and lymphocyte per nuclear cells, 1(25%) had a reduction in CD3CD56 NK cells. Among these 4 children, 1 (25%) had an increase in IgG, 2 (50%) had a reduction in IgM, 1 (25%) had a reduction in IgA, and 4 (100%) had an increase in IgE. A total of 14 gene mutations belonging to 13 types were found in 13 children, among which there were 9 missense mutations (65%), 2 splicing mutations (14%), 2 nonsense mutation (14%), and 1 frameshift mutation (7%). The median follow-up time was 39 months (range 3-62 months), and all 13 children survived.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Children with WAS often have a young age of onset, and most of them are boys. Major clinical features include thrombocytopenia with a reduction in platelet volume. Missense mutation is the main type of gene mutation.

Establishment of Acute Immunological Liver Injury Wistar Rat Model Induced by Concanavalin A / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To explore the dosage and injection method of concanavalin A(Con A) for inducing Wistar rats into the acute hepatic injury model. Methods (1)According to the dosage of Con A, 42 Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups A, B, C, D, E, N, 7 rats in each group. Group N was given tail intravenous injection of normal saline as normal control group. Groups A, B, C, D, E were given intravenous injection of 4, 8, 16, 30, 40 mg/kg of Con A respectively. At the 8th hour after modeling, the levels of alanine transaminase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), albumin(ALB), interleukin(IL)-2 , IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere detected. And HE staining was used to observe the pathological feature of hepatic tissue. (2)According to the injection method of Con A, 21 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, intraperitoneal injection group and tail intravenous injection group, 7 rats in each group. The dosage of Con A for the rats in intraperitoneal injection group and tail intravenous injection group was 16 mg/kg. At the 8th hour after modeling, the levels of serum ALT, AST, and ALB were determined. Results The number of abnormal deaths in various dose Con A groups at the end of each experiment was 0 in groups A, B, C, and 2 in group D, and 7 in group E. A small amount of spotty necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hepatic lobule with almost integrity of structure were found in groups A, B, while obvious bridging-like necrosis was seen in groups C, D. Serum ALT, AST, and ALB levels in intraperitoneal injection group had no statistically significant difference as compared with the normal control group. Conclusion Tail intravenous injection of 16 mg/kg of Con A can be used to induce an acute immunological liver injury rat model successfully.

HER2 Expression in Childhood ETV6/RUNX1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Its Correlation with Clinical Features / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the HER22 expression in children with ETV6/RUNX1 (E/R)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and to investigate the relationship between the HER2 expression and clinical features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-seven newly diagnosed E/R-positive ALL children and 6 controls (4 cases of ITP and 2 healthy children) were selected in Institute of hematology and blood disease hospital. The 37 patients were divided into standard risk (SR), intermediate risk(IR), high risk(HR) groups according to risk stratification; and they were divided into relapse and non-relapse groups according to follow-up result. The CD10CD19 cells were sorted by flow cytometry. The mRNA was extracted from these cells. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of HER2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 37 cases, 51.35% (n=19) were boys and 48.65% (n=18) were girls and their median age was 4.72 (1.72-11.99) years old. Among the 6 controls, 50% (n=3) were boys and 50% (n=3) were girls and the median age was 5.24 (1.53-13.17) years old. The expression level of HER2 in E/R-positive ALL patients were lower than that in controls (P<0.05). Although the difference of HER2 expression level between the 2 groups failed to achieve statistical significance, the expression level of HER2 in relapse patients were significantly lower than that in non-relapse patients, and the HER2 expression in HR group patients were lower than that in SR and IR groups. In addition, there was no significant correlation between the expression level of HER2 and the sex, age, initial white blood cell count, blast cell percentage and the level of LDH (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression level of HER2 in E/R ALL patients is lower than that in controls, and in relapse group lower than that in non-relapse patient. Thus, HER2 may play important roles in the pathogenesis and relapse mechanism of pediatric E/R-positive ALL patients.</p>

Study on the Improvement of Quality Standard of Jianpi Zhixiening Granules / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To improve the quality standard of Jianpi zhixiening granules. METHODS:TLC was applied for qual-itative identification of Scutellaria baicalensis,Crategi Fructus,Lonicerae japonicae,Codonopsis Radix,Nelumbo nucifera,Copti-dis Rhizoma. The contents of berberine hydrochloride and baicalin were determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on Shimadzu VP-ODS column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-acetonitrile-water (46:30:42,V/V/V,berberine hydrochlo-ride))(0.1% sodium dodecylsulphate,0.1% phosphoric acid,methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid(50:50,V/V,baicalin)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelengths were set at 265 nm (berberine hydrochloride) and 280 nm (baicalin). The column temperature was 30 ℃,and sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:TLC spots of S. baicalensis,Crategi Fructus,L. Japonicae,Co-donopsis Radix,N. nucifera,Coptidis Rhizoma were clear and well-separated without negative interference. The linear ranges of berberine hydrochloride and baicalin were 6.67-33.34 μg/mL(r=0.9998)and 7.7-38.7 μg/mL(r=0.9999). RSDs of precision,sta-bility and reproducibility tests were all lower than 1.0% . The recoveries were 96.5% -99.9%(RSD=1.2% ,n=6)and 101.1%-102.9%(RSD=0.6%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:Improved standard can be used for quality control of Jianpi zhixiening granules.

Design and implementation of sitting posture fixation device for baby hip ultrasonic screening / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design a sitting posture fixation device for the ultrasonic imaging of baby hip joint dysplasia.Methods The device was composed of a riser,a fixation base,No.1 holding plate,No.2 holding plate,a baby fixation plate and two detection windows.The two holding plates made the baby's spine and femurs form a right angle at the sitting posture,so that the standard posture was obtained for hip joint ultrasonic imaging.The detection windows facilitated to gain the optimal image for the both sides of the hip joint.Results The device contributed to acquiring baby hip joint image rapidly with high quality and decreased examination time.Conclusion The device can be used for the massive screening of developmental hip joint abnormality.

Awareness Status of Chronic Disabling Neurological Diseases among Elderly Veterans / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The awareness, treatment and prevention of chronic diseases are generally poor among the elderly population of China, whereas the prevention and control of chronic diseases in elderly veteran communities have been ongoing for more than 30 years. Therefore, investigating the awareness status of chronic disabling neurological diseases (CDND) and common chronic diseases (CCD) among elderly veterans may provide references for related programs among the elderly in the general population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among veterans ≥60 years old in veteran communities in Beijing. The awareness of preventive strategies against dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), sleep disorders, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and CCD such as hypertension, and the approaches used to access this information, including media, word of mouth (verbal communication among the elderly) and health care professionals, were investigated via face-to-face interviews.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The awareness rates for CCD and CVD were approximately 100%, but that for AD was the lowest at <10%. The awareness rates for sleep disorders, PD and dementia, were 51.0-89.4%. Media was the most commonly selected mode of communication by which veterans acquired knowledge about CCD and CVD. Media was used by approximately 80% of veterans. Both health care professionals and word of mouth were used by approximately 50% of veterans. With respect to the source of information about CDND excluding AD, the rates of the use of health care professionals, word of mouth and media were 10.6-28.2%, 56.5-76.5%, and approximately 50%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The awareness of CDND among elderly veterans was significantly lower than that of CCD. More information about CDND should be disseminated by health care professionals. Appropriate guidance will promote the rapid and extensive dissemination of information about the prevention of CDND by media and word-of-mouth peer education.</p>

Research of clinical application rationality for intravenous human immunoglobulin (PH4) in our hospital / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application profiles and the conformance of clinical diagnostics and instructions indications, relative clinical treatment guidelines of intravenous immunoglobulin(PH4) in our hospital from 2011 to 2012. In addition, the management measures for clinical use in the case of market supply shortage were discussed. METHODS Age, gender, diagnosis, dose, and treatment duration of 650 patients using IVIg in our hospital from 2011 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the drug instructions, Chinese Pharmacopoeia Clinical Medication Notice 2010 and relative domestic and foreign clinical treatment guidelines, we evaluated the rationality of medication and the conformance of clinical diagnoses and instruction indications. RESULTS In our 750 valid cases, there were 351 male patients (46. 8%) and 400 female patients (53.2%). Average age of these patients was 30.5 years old (0-101 years). The use of IVIg was distributed in 20 clinical departments of our hospital. Total dosage was 45 842.5 g. Per capita dosage was 61.1 g(2.5-572.5 g). Total cost was 8.396 million yuan. Diseases sorting by sum dosage were systemic lupus erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, immune thrombocytopenia, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis, lymphoma, systemic vasculitis, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, drug rash, etc. Per capita daily dose was 13.3 g. Per capita course of treatment was 4.5 d (1-32 d). CONCLUSION Among the hospitalized patients using IVIG from 2011 to 2012, 616 cases meet the indications of instruction, accounting for 82. 1%; 134 cases were beyond the indications, accounting for 17.9%. According to the latest domestic and international guidelines, 580 cases corresponded with the recommendations of guidelines, accounting for 77.3%; 18 cases were not recommended by guidelines, accounting for 2.4%; 152 cases were not mentioned in guidelines, accounting for 20.3%. Since the IVIG is rare and the market supply is once lacking, the effective management measures made by our hospital play an important role in ensuring the rational administrations.

Clinical effect of endotracheal lavage with porcine pulmonary surfactant in term neonates with severe meconium aspiration syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effect of endotracheal lavage with porcine pulmonary surfactant (PS) in term neonates with severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 136 full-term infants with severe MAS who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2010 and June 2013 were randomly and equally divided into PS lavage and PS injection groups. In the PS lavage group, patients were treated with endotracheal lavage using 3-5 mL of diluted PS (12 mg/mL) each time, and the PS injection group was given PS by intratracheal injection at the first dose of 200 mg/kg. Blood gas, oxygenation index (OI), and PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) of the two groups were evaluated before and 2, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the treatment, and the duration of mechanical ventilation, complication rate, and cure rate were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the PS injection group, the PS lavage group had significantly higher PaO2 and P/F ration and significantly lower PaCO2 and OI at 12, 24, and 48 hours post-treatment (P<0.01), a significantly shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (P<0.01), a significantly smaller amount of PS (P<0.01), a significantly lower complication rate (P<0.05), and a significantly higher cure rate (97% vs 88%; P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with the intratracheal injection of PS, endotracheal lavage with diluted PS in term neonates with severe MAS can increase ventilation and oxygenation efficiency, shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation, reduce the complication rate, and increase the cure rate, indicating that this method is a safe and effective therapeutic strategy.</p>

Clinical effect of combination therapy with high-frequency oscillation ventilation, pulmonary surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of neonatal hypoxemic respiratory failure / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical effect of combination therapy with high-frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV), pulmonary surfactant (PS) and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in the treatment of neonatal hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 116 neonates with HRF were studied, and they were randomly divided into two groups: triple therapy (n=58) and dual therapy (n=58). The triple therapy group received HFOV, PS, and iNO, while the dual therapy group received HFOV and iNO. Blood gas values, PaO2/FiO2 (P/F), oxygenation index (OI), and pulmonary arterial pressure (PA) were determined before treatment and after 24 and 48 hours of treatment. Among the neonates with different P/F ratios and OI values and with or without persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), the treatment outcomes of two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The durations of mechanical ventilation and iNO therapy in the triple therapy group were significantly shorter than in the dual therapy group (P<0.01). After 24 and 48 hours of treatment, the triple therapy group had significantly improve PaO2 and PaCO2 compared with the dual therapy group (P<0.01). After 24 and 48 hours of treatment, the neonates with PPHN in the triple therapy group had significantly decreased PA compared with the dual therapy group (P<0.01). In the cases with a P/F ratio of ≤50, the triple group had a significantly higher cure rate than the dual therapy group (P<0.05). In both groups, the P/F ratios of the neonates who died were significantly lower than those of survivors (P<0.01). In the cases with an OI of ≥40, the triple group had a significantly higher cure rate than the dual therapy group (P<0.05). In both groups, the OI values of the neonates who died were significantly higher than those of survivors (P<0.01). In neonates with PPHN, the triple group had a significantly higher cure rate than the dual therapy group (P<0.05). The triple therapy group had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (P<0.01) and a significantly higher cure rate (P<0.05) compared with the dual therapy group. There were no significant differences in complications between the two groups (P>0.05). No severe side effect was found during the treatment in either group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Triple therapy with HFOV, PS and iNO is a more effective treatment for neonatal HRF compared with the dual therapy with HFOV and iNO. The triple therapy can significantly improve oxygenation and survival rate, providing a new treatment for the neonates with HRF, especially the critical cases who suffer severe lung disease with PPHN and have a P/F ratio of ≤50 or an OI of ≥40.</p>

Effect of suramin on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in peritoneal mesothelial cells induced by high concentration glucose / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To explore the effect of suramin on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the excretion of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) induced by high concentrations of glucose solution (GS).Methods Cultured PMCs were divided into three groups:(1) normal control group; (2) GS-treated group:cells were treated with 1.5％,2.5％,4.25％ GS for 12 h,24 h,48 h,respectively; (3) Suramin-treated group:PMCs cultured with 4.25％ GS were exposed to different doses of suramin (25,50,100 μmol/L) for 48 h.Expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and E-cadherin were detected by Western blotting and the concentration of TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant was determined by ELISA.Results Compared with normal control group,GS-treated PMCs exhibited a time-dependent increase in the expression of α-SMA,and decrease in the expression of E-cadherin.GS also stimulated PMCs to secrete TGF-β1.In the presence of suramin,GS-induced α-SMA expression and TGF-β1 production were reduced,E-cadherin expression was increased.Conclusions Suramin can inhibit high glucose-induced EMT of PMCs by down-regulating the expression of TGF-β1.Suramin may be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of peritoneal fibrosis.

NF-kappa B involved in transcription enhancement of TGF-beta 1 induced by Ox-LDL in rat mesangial cells / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To determine the binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and the transcription of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in rat mesangial cells and to elucidate the mechanism of renal injury of Ox-LDL.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>NF-kappa B binding activity was measured by gel shift assay in mesangial cells with or without inducement of Ox-LDL. Protein kinase inhibitors and activators were then used to determine the signal transduction pathways. In this course I kappa B protein expression was analyzed by Western blot assay. TGF-beta 1 mRNA was measured in mesangial cells exposed to Ox-LDL by RT-PCR assay. TGF-beta 1 promoter from -1551 to +57 were constructed into a pGL3-Basic vector with a luciferase reporting gene. A putative binding site of NF-kappa B was mutated. The wild and mutant promoters activity was analyzed by transfection into mesangial cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NF-kappa B was activated by Ox-LDL persistently and rebounded in the early period. Ox-LDL induced NF-kappa B activation in a dose dependent way. It also induced I kappa B degradation in 2 hours and resumed to normal levels. NF-kappa B activation was not alleviated by inhibitors of protein kinase A (PKA), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38 MAP kinase (p38MAPK). Inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and proteinsome inhibited the enhancement of NF-kappa B binding activity. Ox-LDL induced the transcription of TGF-beta1 in a time and dose dependent manner. Mutation of the putative binding site of NF-kappa B reduced the activity of TGF-beta1 promoter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ox-LDL induced activation of NF-kappa B persistently. It was probably regulated by the degradation of I kappa B mediated by PKC pathway. NF-kappa B may be involved in the enhancement of TGF-beta 1 induced by Ox-LDL in rat mesangial cells.</p>